| <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt" align=left><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">新西兰药品和医疗器械安全管理局（</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">Medsafe</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">）在其发布的</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">2010</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">年第</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">2</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">期《</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">Prescriber Update</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">》中，再次提醒医疗专业人员和患者注意阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">的使用风险。</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt" align=left><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">（</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">Acitretin</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">）是人工合成的芳香族维生素</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类似物，为阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">酯的活性代谢产物，用于治疗重症银屑病、角质化疾病等皮肤病。</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">Medsafe</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">称，阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">是处方药，处方该药的医生应具备维生素</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类药物全身用药的经验，了解治疗中可能遇到的风险。处方阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">时，必须慎重考虑该药的安全性问题。阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">有高度的致畸作用，孕妇和哺乳期妇女禁用；该药也不能用于育龄期妇女，除非符合规定的要求（见产品说明书）。</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"> <SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt" align=left><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">如果育龄期妇女使用阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，在停止治疗后</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">2</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">年内应避免妊娠。治疗前</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">1</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">个月，治疗期间以及治疗后</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">24</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">个月都必须采取严格的避孕措施。另外，治疗期间和治疗后</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">2</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">个月必须戒酒，因为药物与酒精的相互作用会使阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">酯浓度升高（阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在体内酯化生成阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">酯），这种相互作用的机制尚不明确。阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">酯也有高度的致畸作用，半衰期比阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">的半衰期长。</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt" align=left><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">肝功能或肾功能严重受损的患者，以及血脂长期异常升高的患者，也应禁用阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。开始阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">治疗前应做肝功能、血清胆固醇和血清甘油三酯检查，治疗期间还要定期复查。</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 31.5pt" align=left><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">用阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">治疗的患者，必须避免合用维生素</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和其他维生素</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类药物，因为与这些药物合用有引起维生素</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">过多症的危险。四环素或甲氨蝶呤也应避免与阿维</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">A</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">合用。</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 28pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char" align=right><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">（新西兰</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??">MedSafe</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">网站）</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ??"></SPAN></P> |
